抹面砂漿因使用用方便且價(jià)格低廉而在土木建筑領(lǐng)域得到了極為廣泛的應(yīng)用，相信大家一定見到過這種施工方式，可是對它卻未被了解得十分深入，沒關(guān)系，下面小編將為大家就抹面砂漿做相關(guān)的介紹。
Plastering mortar has been widely used in the field of civil engineering and architecture because of its convenient use and low price. I believe you must have seen this construction method, but it is not well understood. It doesn't matter. The following small series will introduce plastering mortar to you.
抹面砂漿的施工
Construction of plastering mortar
抹面砂漿通常分為兩層或三層進(jìn)行施工。各層砂漿要求不同，因此每層所選用的砂漿也不一樣。一般底層砂漿起黏結(jié)基層的作用，要求砂漿應(yīng)具有良好的和易性和較高的黏結(jié)力，因此底面砂漿的保水性要好，否則水分易被基層材料吸收而影響砂漿的黏結(jié)力?；鶎颖砻娲植谛┯欣谂c砂漿的黏結(jié)。中層抹灰主要是為了找平，有時(shí)可省略去不用。面層抹灰主要為了平整美觀，因此選用細(xì)沙。
Plastering mortar is usually divided into two or three layers for construction. The requirements for each layer of mortar are different, so the mortar selected for each layer is also different. Generally, the bottom mortar plays the role of bonding the base course. It is required that the mortar should have good workability and high bonding force. Therefore, the water retention of the bottom mortar is good. Otherwise, the water will be easily absorbed by the base material and affect the bonding force of the mortar. The rough surface of the base course is conducive to the bonding with the mortar. The middle layer plastering is mainly for leveling, sometimes it can be omitted. The surface plastering is mainly for flatness and beauty, so fine sand is selected.
用于磚墻的底層抹灰，多用石灰砂漿;用于板條墻或板條頂棚的底層抹灰多用混合砂漿或石灰砂漿;混凝土墻、梁、柱、頂板等底層抹灰多用混合砂漿、麻刀石灰漿或紙筋石灰漿。
Used for bottom plastering of brick wall, mostly lime mortar; Mixed mortar or lime mortar is usually used for bottom plastering of batten wall or batten ceiling; Mixed mortar, machete lime slurry or paper reinforced lime slurry are commonly used for the plastering of concrete walls, beams, columns, roof and other bottom layers.
在容易碰撞或潮濕的地方，應(yīng)采用水泥砂漿。如墻裙、踢腳板、地面、雨棚、窗臺(tái)以及水池、水井等處，一般多用1:2.5的水泥砂漿。
Cement mortar shall be used in places prone to collision or moisture. For example, 1:2.5 cement mortar is generally used for skirting, skirting, ground, canopy, windowsill, pool, well, etc.
Requirements for Jinan plastering mortar
根據(jù)抹面砂漿功能的不同，可將抹面砂漿分為普通抹面砂漿、裝飾砂和具有某些特殊功能的抹面砂漿(如防水砂漿、絕熱砂漿、吸音砂漿和耐酸砂漿等)。對抹面砂漿要求具有良好的和易性，容易抹成均勻平整的薄層，便于施工。
According to the different functions of the plastering mortar, the plastering mortar can be divided into ordinary plastering mortar, decorative sand and plastering mortar with some special functions (such as waterproof mortar, thermal insulation mortar, sound-absorbing mortar and acid resistant mortar). The plastering mortar shall have good workability and be easy to be plastered into a uniform and flat thin layer for construction.
還應(yīng)有較高的黏結(jié)力，砂漿層應(yīng)能與底面黏結(jié)牢固，長期不致開裂或脫落。處于潮濕環(huán)境或易受外力作用部位(如地面和墻裙等)，還應(yīng)具有較高的耐水性和強(qiáng)度，主要作用是用作裝飾或找平基層。
It shall also have high bonding force, and the mortar layer shall be firmly bonded to the bottom surface without cracking or falling off for a long time. It shall also have high water resistance and strength in humid environment or parts susceptible to external forces (such as the ground and dado), which are mainly used for decoration or leveling the base course.
普通水泥砂漿的特點(diǎn)如下：①抹面層不承受荷載;②抹面層與基底層要有足夠的粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度，使其在施工中或長期自重和環(huán)境作用下不脫落、不開裂;③抹面層多為薄層，并分層涂抹，面層要求平整、光潔、細(xì)致、美觀;④多用于干燥環(huán)境，大面積暴露在空氣中。
The characteristics of ordinary cement mortar are as follows: ① the plastering layer does not bear load; ② The plastering layer and the base layer shall have sufficient bonding strength to prevent them from falling off and cracking during construction or under long-term self weight and environmental effects; ③ The plastering layer is mostly a thin layer, which shall be applied in layers. The surface layer shall be flat, bright, clean, meticulous and beautiful; ④ It is mostly used in dry environment and exposed to air in a large area.
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