Exterior wall putty is a base material for leveling the wall. Its main function is to fill in wall defects and smooth surface in construction, providing a flat base material for subsequent paint construction and ensuring the smooth progress of painting engineering. In China, the use of external wall putty has been accepted by construction units only in recent years. The development of putty for exterior wall in China can be roughly divided into the following stages.

　　(1) 初外墻涂料飾面很少使用膩子，大多是直接在基材上涂刷涂料。

　　(1) At first, putty was seldom used in exterior wall coating, and most of them were painted directly on the base material.

　　(2) 當(dāng)基材有孔洞或龜裂時，局部批刮膩子。

　　(2) When there are holes or cracks in the base material, scrape putty locally.

　　(3)隨著對建筑裝修質(zhì)量要求的提高及涂料新產(chǎn)品的不斷推出，基材的平整度日益引起使用單位的普遍重視，而外墻墻體平整度往往達不到施工的要求，施工 單位開始在基材上滿刮膩子，使用的多是 107 膠加水 泥、纖維素的傳統(tǒng)膩子。

　　(3) With the improvement of the quality requirements for building decoration and the introduction of new coatings products, the smoothness of the base material has increasingly attracted the attention of the users, while the smoothness of the external wall often fails to meet the construction requirements. Construction units began to scrape putty on the base material, mostly using 107 glue and cement, cellulose traditional putty.

　　(4) 施工人員對外墻膩子觀念淡薄，為通過驗收，常常使用性能低劣的外墻膩子，甚至出現(xiàn)了將內(nèi)墻膩子 外用的現(xiàn)象，缺少對內(nèi)外墻膩子存在差別的認識，刮涂膩子的厚度雖然開始增加，但隨之而來的是膩子層過厚導(dǎo)致的外飾面起皮、脫落等工程質(zhì)量問題。

　　(4) Construction personnel have a weak idea of putty for external wall. In order to pass the acceptance, they often use putty for external wall with inferior performance, and even use putty for external use. There is a lack of understanding of the difference between putty for internal wall and external wall. Although the thickness of scraping putty begins to increase, it is accompanied by engineering quality problems such as peeling and shedding of the outer surface caused by the excessive thickness of putty layer.

　　(5) 通過大量實踐及工程質(zhì)量分析，人們逐漸意識 到內(nèi)墻膩子與外墻膩子是有區(qū)別的，二者使用的環(huán)境及部位不同，要求產(chǎn)品達到的性能也不同。

　　(5) Through a lot of practice and engineering quality analysis, people gradually realize that there is a difference between the inner wall putty and the outer wall putty. They use different environments and parts and require different products to achieve different performance.

　　(6) 內(nèi)墻膩子行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn) JG / T 3049 — 1998( 建筑室 內(nèi)用膩子》于 1998 年 12 月 1 日 正式實施。隨著內(nèi)墻膩 子的大面積推廣使用和產(chǎn)品的逐步規(guī)范化，人們也逐 步認識到膩子在涂裝工程中所起到的重要作用。一方面，與內(nèi)墻涂裝類似，由膩子質(zhì)量問題所引起的涂裝弊病在外墻涂裝中同樣存在。另一方面，隨著外墻涂飾 工程的不斷增加，各建筑單位在工程實踐中逐步認識 到外墻膩子的重要性及膩子質(zhì)量與涂飾工程質(zhì)量是密 不可分的。各種外墻膩子產(chǎn)品也應(yīng)運而生且逐漸被建 設(shè)單位及施工單位所接受。

　　(6) Internal wall putty industry standard JG/T 3049-1998 (building indoor putty) was formally implemented on December 1, 1998. With the popularization and standardization of interior wall putty in a large area, people have gradually realized the important role of putty in painting engineering. On the one hand, similar to interior wall painting, the painting defects caused by putty quality problems also exist in exterior wall painting. On the other hand, with the continuous increase of exterior wall finishing projects, various construction units gradually realize the importance of exterior wall putty and the quality of putty is inseparable from the quality of painting projects. Various kinds of putty products for exterior walls have emerged as the times require and are gradually accepted by construction units and construction units.

　　(7) 過去由于沒有統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，外墻膩子的生產(chǎn)和應(yīng) 用十分混亂，產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量參差不齊，低價位的膩子層出不 窮，外墻涂飾工程的質(zhì)量特別是裂紋的產(chǎn)生未得到很 好地解決。外墻膩子標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的制訂迫在眉睫。

　　(7) In the past, due to the lack of uniform standards, the production and application of putty for exterior walls were very confused, the quality of products was uneven, low-cost putty emerged in endlessly, and the quality of exterior wall finishing engineering, especially the generation of cracks, was not well solved. The formulation of standards for putty on exterior walls is imminent.

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