膩?zhàn)臃凼怯脕?lái)墻面修補(bǔ)的一種基材，為下一步裝飾(刷油漆貼壁紙)打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。在施工中經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)膩?zhàn)幽z粉脫粉問(wèn)題，它會(huì)引起乳膠漆的脫落，以及膩?zhàn)訉拥钠鸸?，裂縫，進(jìn)而引起乳膠漆飾面發(fā)生裂縫。究其原因，分析如下：
Putty powder is a kind of base material used for wall repair, which lays a good foundation for the next decoration (painting and wallpaper). In the construction, the problem of powder removal of putty rubber powder often occurs, which will cause the falling off of emulsion paint, the bulging and cracks of putty layer, and then cause the cracks of emulsion paint finish. The reasons are analyzed as follows:
①膩?zhàn)拥恼辰Y(jié)強(qiáng)度不夠造成脫粉，生產(chǎn)廠家一味的降低成本，膠粉的粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度差，添加量較小，特別是內(nèi)墻膩?zhàn)?，粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度的大小，脫粉不脫粉和膠粉以及膠水的質(zhì)量和添加量有很大關(guān)系。
① The adhesive strength of putty is not enough, resulting in powder removal. The manufacturer blindly reduces the cost. The adhesive strength of rubber powder is poor and the amount of addition is small. Especially for interior wall putty, the size of adhesive strength and whether the powder is removed or not is closely related to the quality and amount of rubber powder and glue.
②設(shè)計(jì)配方不合理，選材的問(wèn)題和結(jié)構(gòu)的問(wèn)題，在膩?zhàn)优浞街泻苤匾?。比如羥丙基甲基纖維素(HPMC)做內(nèi)墻不防水的膩?zhàn)?，HPMC雖然很貴，但對(duì)雙飛粉，滑石粉，硅灰石粉等填充料不起作用，如果僅使用HPMC就會(huì)引起脫粉，而價(jià)格低的CMC、CMS反到不脫粉，但是CMC、CMS不能做防水膩?zhàn)?，也不能做外墻膩?zhàn)?，因?yàn)镃MC和CMS遇到灰鈣粉、白水泥起反應(yīng)，這都會(huì)引起脫粉，也有把聚丙烯酰胺加入灰鈣粉、白水泥做為防水涂料，也會(huì)起化學(xué)反應(yīng)引起脫粉。
② Unreasonable design formula, material selection and structure are very important in putty formula. For example, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) is used as waterproof putty for interior wall. Although HPMC is very expensive, it does not work on filling materials such as Shuangfei powder, talc powder and wollastonite powder. If only HPMC is used, it will cause de powder, while CMC and CMS with low price will not de powder. However, CMC and CMS cannot be used as waterproof putty or exterior wall putty, because CMC and CMS encounter lime calcium powder White cement reacts, which will lead to de powdering. There are also polyacrylamide added with lime calcium powder and white cement as waterproof coating, which will also react chemically to cause de powdering.
③混合攪拌不均勻，是造成內(nèi)外墻膩?zhàn)用摲鄣闹饕?，全?guó)有的生產(chǎn)廠家生產(chǎn)膩?zhàn)臃墼O(shè)備簡(jiǎn)單，五花八門(mén)，不是**攪拌設(shè)備，攪拌不均勻，引起膩?zhàn)用摲邸?/div>
③ Uneven mixing is the main reason for the de dusting of putty on internal and external walls. Some manufacturers in China produce putty powder with simple and varied equipment. It is not * * mixing equipment. Uneven mixing causes the de dusting of putty.
④生產(chǎn)工藝的錯(cuò)誤造成膩?zhàn)用摲?，如果混合攪拌機(jī)沒(méi)有清掃的功能，殘留較多，普通膩?zhàn)又械腃MC就會(huì)和防水膩?zhàn)又械幕意}粉起反應(yīng)，內(nèi)墻膩?zhàn)又械腃MC、CMS和外墻膩?zhàn)拥陌姿嗥鸱磻?yīng)而造成脫粉。**好不要用一臺(tái)攪拌機(jī)器生產(chǎn)兩種膩?zhàn)臃邸?/div>
④ The error of production process causes the putty to be de powdered. If the mixing mixer has no cleaning function and there are many residues, the CMC in the ordinary putty will react with the lime calcium powder in the waterproof putty, and the CMC and CMS in the interior wall putty will react with the white cement of the exterior wall putty to cause de powdering** Do not use a mixing machine to produce two kinds of putty powder.
⑤填充料的質(zhì)量的不同也容易造成脫粉，內(nèi)外墻膩?zhàn)哟罅康氖褂锰畛淞希鞯刂剽}粉、滑石粉里面Ca2CO3的含量不同，酸堿度不同也會(huì)造成膩?zhàn)拥拿摲?，比如重慶和成都的內(nèi)墻膩?zhàn)臃塾猛瑯拥哪z粉，但滑石粉、重鈣粉不同，在重慶不脫粉，在成都就脫粉，在河南、東北不脫粉，而在一些地區(qū)就脫粉。
⑤ The different quality of fillers can also easily lead to de dusting. Fillers are widely used for internal and external wall putty, but the different content of ca2co3 in heavy calcium powder and talc powder and different pH will also lead to de dusting of putty. For example, the same rubber powder is used for internal wall putty powder in Chongqing and Chengdu, but talc powder and heavy calcium powder are different. They are not de dusted in Chongqing, de dusted in Chengdu, and de dusted in Henan Northeast China does not de pulverize, but de pulverizes in some areas.
⑥天氣的原因也是內(nèi)外墻膩?zhàn)用摲鄣囊粋€(gè)原因，比如內(nèi)外墻膩?zhàn)?，在北方干旱的一些地區(qū)氣候干燥，通風(fēng)好，膩?zhàn)语椕娉赡た?，不脫粉，而在南方不行，特別南方一些地區(qū)有梅雨天氣，長(zhǎng)期潮濕，膩?zhàn)映赡ば圆缓?，也?huì)脫粉，所以這樣一些地區(qū)適應(yīng)加灰鈣粉的防水膩?zhàn)印?/div>
⑥ Weather is also one of the reasons for the de dusting of internal and external wall putty. For example, in some arid areas in the north, the climate is dry, the ventilation is good, and the putty finish forms a film quickly without de dusting, but not in the south. Especially in some areas in the South, there is plum rain weather, long-term humidity, and the putty has poor film-forming property, which will also de dusting, Therefore, such areas are suitable for waterproof putty with lime calcium powder.
⑦灰鈣粉、白水泥等無(wú)機(jī)粘結(jié)劑不純，摻有大量的雙飛粉。市面上所謂的多功能灰鈣粉、多功能白水泥都不純，因?yàn)榇罅渴褂眠@些不純的無(wú)機(jī)粘結(jié)劑，內(nèi)外墻防水膩?zhàn)涌隙摲鄹环浪?/div>
⑦ Inorganic binders such as lime calcium powder and white cement are impure and mixed with a large amount of Shuangfei powder. The so-called multi-functional lime calcium powder and multi-functional white cement on the market are not pure. Because these impure inorganic binders are widely used, the waterproof putty on the inner and outer walls must be de powdered and less waterproof.
⑧夏季外墻膩?zhàn)拥谋Ｋ粔?，特別是在大樓高層門(mén)口、窗口等通風(fēng)的地方，灰鈣粉和水泥的初凝時(shí)間不夠就已失去水份，又沒(méi)有養(yǎng)護(hù)好，也會(huì)嚴(yán)重脫粉。
⑧ The water retention of exterior wall putty is not enough in summer, especially in ventilated places such as high-rise doors and windows of the building. If the initial setting time of lime calcium powder and cement is not enough, it will lose water, and it will be seriously de powdered if it is not well maintained.
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