提起生石膏，可能很多人都知道，但如果說它是一味中藥材，可能很多人都會(huì)感覺茫然。其實(shí)，生石膏的確是一味中藥材，其味辛、甘，微寒。歸肺、胃經(jīng)。有清熱瀉火，除煩止渴，收斂生肌(用煅石膏)的功效。它既可內(nèi)服，也可以外用，主治各種實(shí)癥及熱癥。
Talking about raw gypsum, many people may know, but if it is a traditional Chinese medicine, many people may feel confused. In fact, raw gypsum is indeed a traditional Chinese medicine, its taste is spicy, sweet, slightly cold. Return to the lung and stomach meridians. It has the functions of clearing heat and purging fire, eliminating irritation and thirst, and astringency and muscle regeneration (using calcined gypsum). It can be taken orally or externally, and it can be used to treat various diseases and fever.
生石膏的功效
Efficacy of raw gypsum
清熱瀉火，除煩止渴，收斂生肌。主治：中風(fēng)寒熱，心下逆氣驚喘，口干舌焦，不能息，腹中堅(jiān)痛，除邪鬼，產(chǎn)褥金瘡。除時(shí)氣頭痛身熱，三焦大熱，皮膚熱，腸胃中結(jié)氣，解肌發(fā)汗，止消渴煩逆，腹脹暴氣，喘息咽熱，亦可做浴湯
Clearing heat and purging fire, eliminating irritation and thirst, astringent and muscle-building. Indications: Stroke, cold and heat, subcardiac asthma, dry mouth, burnt tongue, unable to breathe, abdominal pain, eliminating evil spirits, puerperal gold sores. In addition to time, headache, body heat, three-jiao fever, skin heat, stomach gas, muscle sweating, thirst relief, dyspnea, abdominal distension, panting and pharynx heat, can also be used as bath soup.
生石膏的作用
The function of raw gypsum
1、用于溫?zé)岵夥謱?shí)熱的證候。常與知母相須為用，如白虎湯。對(duì)于溫?zé)岵庋獌伸埽邿岚l(fā)斑，則常與犀角、玄參等涼血解毒藥配伍，以清熱消斑，如化斑湯。
1. Used for the syndrome of febrile diseases with excessive heat due to qi. It is often used in conjunction with Anemarrhena asphodeloides, such as White Tiger Soup. For the febrile disease of both qi and blood burnt, high fever spots, often with rhinoceros horn, Radix Scrophulariae and other antidotes of cold blood compatibility, to clear heat and eliminate spots, such as Huaban decoction.
2、用于肺熱喘咳，心煩口渴。常與杏仁、麻黃配用，以清宣肺熱、止咳平喘，如麻杏石甘湯。
2. For pulmonary fever, asthma and cough, upset and thirsty. It is often used with almonds and ephedra to clear away lung heat, relieve cough and relieve asthma, such as Maxing Shigan Decoction.
3、用于胃火亢盛，頭痛，齒痛，牙齦腫痛。常與知母、牛膝等配伍，以瀉火而緩?fù)?，如玉女煎?/div>
3. For hyperpyretic stomach, headache, toothache, gum swelling and pain. Often compatible with Anemarrhena asphodeloides, Achyranthes bidentata, etc., to relieve pain by purging fire, such as Yunujian.
4、用于濕疹，瘡瘍潰后不斂，水火燙傷。常與黃柏、青黛等配伍，外用以清熱斂瘡、生肌。
4. For eczema, sores, ulcers and scalds. Often compatible with Phellodendron amurense, Indigo Naturalis, etc., for external use to clear away heat, astringe sores and build muscle.
使用注意：須打碎先煎久煎。
Use Note: Shatter and fry for a long time.
現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)研究證明，生石膏內(nèi)服經(jīng)胃酸作用，一部分變成可溶性鈣鹽，至腸吸收入血后能增加血清內(nèi)鈣離子的濃度，可抑制體溫調(diào)節(jié)中樞、減輕骨骼肌的興奮性、減少血管通透性，故有解熱、鎮(zhèn)痙、消炎等作用。煅石膏外用，能減少粘膜的分泌。
Modern medical research has proved that raw gypsum can be taken orally through gastric acid, and part of it becomes soluble calcium salt. It can increase the concentration of calcium ion in serum after intestinal absorption into blood. It can inhibit the center of body temperature regulation, reduce the excitability of skeletal muscle, and reduce the permeability of blood vessels. Therefore, it has the functions of antipyretic, antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory. Calcined gypsum for external use can reduce the secretion of mucosa.
過去許多人家也都會(huì)自備一些常用藥物，生石膏便是其一。一旦遇見發(fā)燒、發(fā)熱，便內(nèi)服生石膏，很快即好。
In the past, many people also brought their own medicines, including raw gypsum. Once you encounter fever and fever, take plaster orally and soon.
生石膏內(nèi)服方法一般是制作成石膏粳米湯：10克～15克生石膏，放入鍋中與粳米一起熬煮，米熟了即好，粳米與生石膏等量。
The internal use of raw gypsum is generally made into gypsum and Japonica Rice soup: 10 to 15 grams of raw gypsum, boiled in a pot with japonica rice, rice cooked is good, japonica rice and raw gypsum equal amount.
注意事項(xiàng)：只有生石膏才可內(nèi)服;鍛石膏為外敷，切忌不可混用;實(shí)癥、熱癥才可以內(nèi)服生石膏，虛癥千萬不可以服用生石膏。
Notes: Only raw gypsum can be taken internally; Forging gypsum is applied externally, and must not be mixed; Solid and fever can be taken internally, and deficiency must not be taken raw gypsum.
生石膏副作用
Side effects of raw gypsum
(一)傳統(tǒng)文獻(xiàn)《本草綱目》：無毒。
(1) Traditional literature Compendium of Materia Medica: non-toxic.
《傷寒論》中白虎湯用生石膏1斤，據(jù)吳承洛和柯雪帆先生分別核算，東漢1斤合今222.73g和250g。說明古人認(rèn)為生石膏和白虎湯的毒性很小。
According to Mr. Wu Chengluo and Mr. Ke Xuefan, one jin of raw gypsum used in Baihu Tang in Treatise on Febrile Diseases is 222.73g and 250g in the Eastern Han Dynasty. It shows that the ancients thought that the toxicity of raw gypsum and Baihu decoction was very small.
(二)毒理試驗(yàn)
(2) Toxicological tests
1.LD50:生石膏水煎劑小鼠靜注的LD50為l4.7g/kg或16.7g/kg。生石膏殘?jiān)俅嗡鍎┑腖D50與次相近。
1.LD50: The LD50 of gypsum Decoction mice was l4.7g/kg or 16.7g/kg by intravenous injection. The LD50 of the decoction of raw gypsum residue was similar to that of the first decoction.
2.毒性反應(yīng)水煎服250g未發(fā)現(xiàn)毒性反應(yīng)。
2. No toxic reaction was found after 250g decoction.
以上說明生石膏的毒性非常小。
The above shows that the toxicity of raw gypsum is very small.
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