1、灰鈣粉反堿引起泛黃
1. Yellowing caused by alkali reaction of lime and calcium powder
灰鈣粉主要成分氫氧化鈣，分子式Ga(OH)2，相對(duì)分子量74，熔點(diǎn)5220，PH值≥12，逞強(qiáng)堿性，白色細(xì)膩粉末狀，微溶于水，能溶于酸、甘油、糖、氯化銨中，溶于酸中釋放大量熱量，相對(duì)密度為2.24，其澄清水溶液為無色無嗅的堿性透明液體，置于空氣中逐漸吸收，氧化鈣變成碳酸鈣。
The main component of gray calcium powder is calcium hydroxide, molecular formula Ga (OH) 2, relative molecular weight 74, melting point 5220, PH value ≥ 12, extremely alkaline, white and fine powder, slightly soluble in water, soluble in acid, glycerin, sugar, ammonium chloride, soluble in acid, release a lot of heat, relative density 2.24, its clear water solution is colorless and odorless alkaline transparent liquid, which is gradually absorbed in the air, and calcium oxide becomes calcium carbonate.
氫氧化鈣屬中強(qiáng)堿性，其堿性及腐蝕性要比氫氧化鈉弱，氫氧化鈣及其水溶液無毒，但對(duì)人的皮膚、衣物等有腐蝕性，不能長(zhǎng)時(shí)間直接與皮膚接觸。氫氧化鈣在耐水膩?zhàn)又袑倩钚蕴盍吓c重質(zhì)碳酸鈣、膩?zhàn)臃凵捎残阅ぃ捎谄鋲A性較強(qiáng)，堿的含量較大。
Calcium hydroxide is moderately alkaline, and its alkalinity and corrosivity are weaker than sodium hydroxide. Calcium hydroxide and its aqueous solution are non-toxic, but they are corrosive to human skin, clothing, etc., and cannot be in direct contact with skin for a long time. In water-resistant putty, calcium hydroxide is an active filler and forms a hard film with heavy calcium carbonate and putty powder. Because of its strong alkalinity, its alkali content is large.
在施工時(shí)，膩?zhàn)又械牟糠炙謺?huì)被墻基層同樣強(qiáng)堿性的水泥砂漿底、或砂灰底(石灰、砂、少量水泥)所吸收，隨著膩?zhàn)訉又饾u干燥、水分的揮發(fā)，基層砂漿和膩?zhàn)又械膲A性物質(zhì)和一些水解后不穩(wěn)定物質(zhì)(如二價(jià)鐵、三價(jià)鐵等)會(huì)通過膩?zhàn)拥奈⒓?xì)孔折出，遇空氣后產(chǎn)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)，引起
濟(jì)南膩?zhàn)臃?/a>表面泛黃。During construction, part of the moisture in the putty will be absorbed by the cement mortar bottom with the same strong alkalinity of the wall base, or the sand-gray bottom (lime, sand, a small amount of cement). With the gradual drying of the putty layer and the volatilization of the moisture, the alkaline substances in the base mortar and putty and some unstable substances after hydrolysis (such as ferrous iron, ferric iron, etc.) will be broken out through the tiny holes of the putty, which will produce chemical reaction after meeting the air, causing the surface of Jinan putty powder to turn yellow.
2、易揮發(fā)性有機(jī)化學(xué)氣體。如一氧化碳(CO)、二氧化硫(SO2)、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、甲醛、煙火等。在一些工程案例中，呈出現(xiàn)在剛刮完奶水妮子的房間內(nèi)使用油漆或生火取暖、甚至是在房間內(nèi)燒香、多人同時(shí)吸煙等情況而引起膩?zhàn)颖砻娣狐S。
2. Volatile organic chemical gas. Such as carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), benzene, toluene, xylene, formaldehyde, fireworks, etc. In some engineering cases, the putty surface turns yellow due to the use of paint or fire for heating in the room where the putty has just been shaved, or even burning incense in the room, or many people smoking at the same time.
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3、氣候環(huán)境因素的影響。在北方地區(qū)，季節(jié)交換期，一般在11月份至第二年5月份有過膩?zhàn)颖砻娣狐S，但只是個(gè)別現(xiàn)象。
3. The impact of climate and environmental factors. In the northern region, the putty surface turns yellow from November to May of the next year during the seasonal exchange period, but only a few phenomena.
4、通風(fēng)干燥狀況不好。墻體潮濕，刮完耐水膩?zhàn)雍?，在膩?zhàn)訉游慈稍锏那闆r下，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間緊閉門窗，也容易引起膩?zhàn)颖砻娣狐S。
4. The ventilation and drying conditions are not good. When the wall is wet and the waterproof putty is scraped, the door and window will be closed for a long time when the putty layer is not completely dry, which is also easy to cause the putty surface to turn yellow.
5、基層問題。老墻底一般都是砂灰墻(石灰、啥子、少量水泥，有的還慘有石膏)，這類墻基層強(qiáng)度低、吸水率高、易粉化，而新墻底是以水泥砂漿為主，但還有不少地區(qū)在用石灰、石膏抹墻?；鶎訅w中的材料大多呈堿性，膩?zhàn)咏佑|墻體后，一些水分會(huì)被墻體吸入，通過水解、氧化后，有部分物質(zhì)，如堿、鐵等，會(huì)通過墻體微細(xì)孔折出來，遇空氣后產(chǎn)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)，引起膩?zhàn)颖砻娣狐S。
5. Grassroots issues. The bottom of the old wall is generally sand-sand wall (lime, sand, a small amount of cement, and some have gypsum). This kind of wall base has low strength, high water absorption, and is easy to pulverize. The new wall bottom is mainly made of cement mortar, but there are still many areas where lime and gypsum are used to plaster the wall. Most of the materials in the base wall are alkaline. After the putty contacts the wall, some water will be absorbed by the wall. After hydrolysis and oxidation, some substances, such as alkali and iron, will be broken out through the wall micro-holes, which will produce chemical reaction after meeting the air, causing the putty surface to turn yellow.
In addition to the above possible factors, there will be other factors, which need further discussion. Of course, if you need putty powder, you can come to our website at any time http://www.wodeapartment.com Consult and understand!
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